Measure potential difference and current at various places in series and parallel circuits. First identify the two boards of the set, one circuit board and one component. Determine the relationship between potential difference and resistance in series circuits. Series and parallel circuits series and parallel circuits conduct electricity but do so in two different ways. Determine the relationship between current and resistance in the branches of a parallel circuit. Resistors in series and parallel resistor combinations. To experimentally determine the resonance frequency in a series rlc circuit and compare this to the expected resonance value.
In the first part of this experiment we will study the properties. Components in an electrical circuit are in series when they are connected one after the other, so that the same current flows through both of them. Series and parallel circuits lab report phys 2240 studocu. It got its name due to the fact that components are placed in the same single path of the flow of current in the electric circuit. Suppose a and b are the extremities of the base of the triangle. Adjust the power supply until the potential difference across the resistors is 1. Calculating equivalent resistances in parallel circuits experiment time part 1 experiment time part 2 rules of thumb for series and parallel resistors series and parallel capacitors experiment time part 3 experiment time part 3, continued. By the end of this series of experiments, students should be confident in understanding series and parallel circuits which include both fixed and variable resistors. To understand the resonance frequency, cutoff frequency, bandwidth and quality factor of a resonance circuit. This activity will allow you to explore a model circuit and decide whether these light circuits are connected in series or in parallel. This will introduce you to series and parallel circuits equipment list. The resistance of a resistive circuit element changes with temperature.
Simple series and parallel circuits the definitions of series and parallel circuits will be given in this lab. To measure the current, the ammeter must be placed in the circuit in series. Wrong connecting the ammeter will damage the instrument. In this experiment you will examine the difference between series and parallel circuits. For holiday lights, this means one bulb can burn out and not affect the rest of the circuit. Investigating series and parallel circuits iopspark.
The method of calculating the circuits equivalent resistance is the same as that for any individual series or parallel circuit and hopefully we now know that resistors in series carry exactly the. This experiment will have the student investigate the characteristics of parallel circuits. Each of these circuits will use the same three resistors. The link between voltage and energy transfers leads to ideas about energy and power. The series circuit a series circuit or series connected circuit is a circuit having just one current path. Resistive elements are not connected in series or parallel. If two resistors are in series, then same current i flow. A set of components in this experiment you will use a magnetic board that allows making interconnections with different components in a simple way, without soldering. To study the behavior of series and parallel lc circuits at resonance. Required practical investigating series and parallel. In this lab you will work with two circuits, one series and one in parallel. For part iii of the experiment, you will use two current probes. Two resistors r 1 and r 2 are connected in series if all the current that passes through r 1 also passes through.
Difference between series and parallel circuits the major difference is that the series circuits have the same amount of current flow through all the components placed in it. The voltage across the circuit shall be equal to the sum of voltages across each device. The resistor r 1 between a and b would be parallel with the equivalent resistance of the other two, which are essentially in series. Wrong connecting the voltmeter will yield wrong readings. Conclusion on series and parallel circuits conclusion on. The last experiment is about series and parallel circuits and the objectives were to determine the total current for both types of circuits, to determine the voltage and current on each resistor for both types of circuits were easily achieved by just following the procedure. Familiarization with the circuit experiment board and initial circuit setup. Mr habgood shows you how to measure the total resistance of resistors in series and parallel.
Note, currents are measured indirectly by measuring the voltage across an. Physics 215 experiment 11 series and parallel circuits 45 5. Now lets try it with resistors in a parallel configuration. Whenever you have circuits that consist of more than one electronic component, those electronic components must be linked together. To practice more complicated construction of circuits. Direct current circuits lab experiment 7 seriesparallel combination circuits instructor. Parallel circuits are set up so that the current has an.
Resistor circuits that combine series and parallel resistors networks together are generally known as resistor combination or mixed resistor circuits. The two ways to connect components in a circuit are in series and in parallel. However, the analysis of a parallel rlc circuits can be a little more mathematically difficult than for series rlc circuits so in this tutorial about parallel rlc circuits. Theory in the previous experiment, you constructed 4 circuits, each circuit built with one resistive element.
The voltmeter measures the potential difference between two points. Two components are in series if they share a common node and if the same. Where series components all have equal currents running through them, parallel components all have the same voltage drop across them series. In a series connection, components are connected end to end, so that current flows first through one, then through the other. We begin by considering the effective resistance when components are connected in series and in parallel. The purpose of this experiment is to better familiarize us with the concepts of series parallel circuits in regards to. Build circuits with batteries, resistors, light bulbs, fuses, and switches. Difference between series and parallel circuits with its. Components are in parallel when they are in alternate branches of a circuit.
The objective of this lab is to study circuits with re sistors connected in series, parallel, and combination. Basically virtual lab for the two main types of circuit. To study the equivalent resistances of two fundamental connections of resistors resistors in series and in parallel. In the next picture, we again see three resistors and a. You may have noticed the differences in electrical circuits you use. The current flowing through these circuits remains same at any point but the voltage varies. Calculate i 1, i 2, i 3 and vo for the circuit shown in figure 1 for f 1khz and f 10khz. Re and r 1 are parallel, therefore the equivalent resistance is the reciprocal of. Experiment 10 rlc series circuit resonance in an rlc series circuit objective. Also, measurements in very simple series and parallel circuits will be discussed. Physics 215 experiment 11 series and parallel circuits.
Disconnect the voltage probe and, into the same channel, connect a second current probe. Investigation of the characteristics of series and. Series and parallel inductors resources and going further. Parallel circuits are set up so that the current has an independent path to take through each piece. Set up the circuit as shown in figure 1, turn the power supply on and close the switch. In this experiment, we could determine the total current flowing through a series circuit and parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistor and the current flowing through a series circuit and parallel circuit.
Two resistors in series a circuit having two resistors r1 and r2 in series is indicated below. If r is constant, the same for all v, then the circuit element obeys ohms law. Series and parallel resistors are a key component to most circuits and influence how electricity is used in most applications. Kids experiments with electrical circuits sciencing. Construct the circuit shown in figure 1 and measure i 1, i 2, i 3 and vo. This experiment demonstrates how current is distributed in resistors connected in series or parallel, and thus describes how to calculate the total effective resistance. Use pspice to determine i 1, i 2, i 3, and vo in figure 1 at f 1khz and f 10khz. The voltage through an rlc series circuit will be measured as a function of frequency for a fixed applied voltage. This experiment should show you the difference between resistors in series and parallel. In this experiment, you will construct circuits using multiple resistors. Track the energyunit charge and the current as charge flows through batteries and resistors in series and parallel circuits. Parallel resistors experience the same voltage, but generally different currents.
If you understand what we are doing in this experiment, you will be all set to do well on the midterm questions about circuits. To determine if a circuit is inductive or capacitive. Notice that in some nodes like between r 1 and r 2 the current is the same going in as at is coming out. The parallel rlc circuit is the exact opposite to the series circuit we looked at in the previous tutorial although some of the previous concepts and equations still apply. To analyze this type of circuit, it should first be simplified reduced to an equivalent resistor, req. Parallel rlc circuit and rlc parallel circuit analysis. After that the student will investigate the voltage and current relationships in a combination series parallel circuit. In parallel circuits current can take more the one path. You can then use ohms law to determine the equivalent resistance of the two resistors. The most common place you will encounter electric circuits is across them. Conservation laws charge and energy lead directly to kirchhoffs laws and these in turn provide a method for solving a large range of circuit problems, including potential dividers. These quantities are closely related and are current, voltage potential difference and resistance.
Notice the voltmeter has leads in the com and v ports and is connected from one side of the resistors to the other side. Experiment series and parallel circuits in this experiment you will examine the difference between series and parallel circuits. When using some decorative holiday light circuits, if one lamp burns out, the whole string of lamps goes off. For this experiment, you will need two light bulb holders and two light bulbs, one dcell battery and battery holder, six pieces of insulated wire about 25 to 30 centimeters long and a science journal. Insert the wires of these leads into the circuit board across the three resistors in series with the two multimeters set to voltage v and current a as shown in the figures 6 and 7. In a series circuit, the parts of the circuit are in a row, one after the other so current flows through them. Thats the key difference between series and parallel series circuits defined. In any experiment involving currents there are many possible sources of error, here are a few systematic ones. At other nodes specifically the threeway junction between r 2, r 3, and r 4 the main blue current splits into two different ones. Experiment 3 resistors in series and in parallel print this page to start your lab report 1 copy print 2 copies of this file data page object. Series and parallel circuits conduct electricity but do so in two different ways.